English Grammer & Exercises

English Grammer & Exercises


past perfect- 

est 1

Test 2

Test 3


Future simple tense | future continuous




Test 1



Test 2

Test 3

Active and passive voice exercises with answers

Test 1

Test 2

Test 3

Active voice | passive

Form

Present simple: The car is repaired.
Present continuous: The car is being repaired. Past simple: The car was repaired.  Past continuous: The car was being repaired. Present perfect: The car has just been repaired. Past perfect: The car had been repaired.
Future simple: The car will be repaired. Present conditional : The car would be repaired. Perfect conditional: The car would have been repaired. 
The passive voice in English is formed with the verb to be and the past participle, which is different for regular verbs (translated, mended) and irregular verbs (taken, thrown).
Statement: The letter is written. This shop has been opened.Question: Is the letter written? Has the shop been opened? Negative: The letter is not written. The shop has not been opened.
The continuous forms are as follows. (Other continuous tenses are normally used in the active voice, but not in the passive.)
Present: A new house is being built in our street.Past: A new house was being built in our street.
In all the examples above the agent is not mentioned. We do not know it.
Similarly: Flowers were planted in the garden. (We do not know who did it).
If we want to say who planted the flowers we mention the agent at the end of the sentence and use the preposition by.
The flowers were planted by my mother.But: The window was smashed with a stone. (The stone is not the agent. We do not know who smashed the window. We only know how he or she did it).
Direct and indirect objects
If there are both direct and indirect objects in the active voice, the indirect object becomes the subject in the passive voice.
Active: My friend sent me a letter.  Passive: I was sent a letter by my friend. (Not: A letter was sent to me by my friend. This sentence does not sound natural in English.)
Similarly: They offer Trevor a place. - Trevor is offered a place.
The infinitive without to
In the active voice some verbs are followed by the infinitive without to. In the passive we use most such verbs with the infinitive with to.
Active: We saw them come. She made him do it.Passive: They were seen to come. He was made to do it.  But: They let us go. - We were let go.  

Modal auxiliary verbs exercises

Test 1

Test 2

Test 3

Can, may, must - grammar rules with examples

We use modal auxiliary verbs can, may, must in the English language for various meanings - ability, possiblity, probability, certainty, permission, prohibition, obligation, opinion, speculation, etc.

CAN

1. It is used to express the ability to do something.
I can swim very well.
Can he can speak English fluently? - No, he can't.
We cannot sing at all!
2. It expresses the possibility to do something.
We can go to the seaside at last. Our holidays start next week.
3. We use it to say that something is probable.
It can be John. He has blond hair and he is wearing glasses.
4. It expresses the permission to do something.
Why not? You can marry her. She is a nice girl.

MAY

1. It is used for permissions.
You may borrow my car. I won't need it.
May I smoke here? - No, you can't, I'm sorry.
2. It is used to express probability or prediction.
They may call tomorrow. I hope so.
The main difference between may and can is in style. May is more formal than can. Can is typical of spoken English.
3. The opposite of may is must not or may not.
May I smoke here?
- You mustn't smoke here. (strong prohibition)
- You may not smoke here. (more polite, very formal)
- You can't smoke here. (informal spoken English)


MUST

1. It is used for strong obligations. It is personal, because it expresses the speaker's opinion or will.
I must clean my teeth. I want to be healthy.
You must go there. And do it right now!
2. It means a strong recommendation.
You must see it. It's the best film I've ever seen.
3. We use it to show the certainty of the speaker.
They must be at school by now. It's already 9 o'clock.
4. The opposite of must is need not.
Mum, must I wash up? - No, you needn't. I've already done it.
Must not has a different meaning. It is used to express prohibition that involves the speaker's will.
We mustn't come late today. Or the teacher will be very angry.
He mustn't enter this room. It is dangerous.
Note
Normally, these modal auxiliary verbs are not used in different tenses. The past tense of can iscould, may and must, however, only have the present form. All the other tenses must be formed in a different way.
We make the passive voice with a verb + be + past participle: This can be done. The laws must be respected.

English Grammar

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